In modern firefighting systems, the response speed, coverage efficiency, and environmental adaptability of firefighting equipment are key performance indicators. Fires are particularly sudden, spread rapidly, and are difficult to extinguish in confined spaces such as distribution boxes, communications cabinets, battery compartments, and equipment bays. Traditional firefighting methods are often limited by spatial structure or response delays, making rapid and effective control difficult. However, the hot aerosol fire extinguishing device, with its unique firefighting mechanism and structural design, can detect, activate, and completely extinguish a fire within seconds of its onset, creating an efficient and reliable fire barrier.
The core of hot aerosol firefighting technology lies in the rapid vaporization of a solid extinguishing agent to produce ultrafine fire-extinguishing particles. Upon receiving a fire signal, the heat-sensitive composite agent inside the device is rapidly ignited through electrical or thermal activation, triggering a controlled redox reaction and instantly producing a large amount of low-temperature aerosol. This aerosol is composed of submicron-sized solid particles and inert gases, primarily nanoparticles of metal salts such as potassium and strontium, and possesses extremely strong chemical suppression capabilities.
In confined spaces, the hot aerosol fire extinguishing process can be divided into three stages: First, a sub-second response. The device incorporates a highly sensitive thermal sensor or is linked to an external fire alarm system. Upon a sudden rise in ambient temperature or a smoke signal, the agent triggers a reaction within milliseconds. The entire activation process requires no external power source and can automatically activate based on temperature sensing even in a power outage, ensuring zero-delay response.
Second, omnidirectional diffusion and uniform distribution are key. Because the aerosol is released in a gaseous state, it possesses extremely high fluidity and permeability, rapidly filling every corner of the confined space, including gaps within the equipment, cable channels, and blind spots. Unlike traditional gas fire extinguishing systems that require pipeline delivery, hot aerosol is generated directly within the protected area, eliminating delivery delays and uneven distribution. Its diffusion rate far exceeds the speed of flame spread, ensuring complete coverage before a fire spreads.
Third, it offers a highly effective fire extinguishing mechanism. The active particles in the aerosol decompose into free radicals under high temperatures, which then initiate a chain reaction with free radicals in the combustion process, disrupting the chain reaction and fundamentally suppressing the continued combustion of the flame. Simultaneously, the large amount of inert gas dilutes the oxygen concentration, reducing the oxygen content in the combustion zone, creating a dual fire extinguishing effect. Experiments have shown that the hot aerosol can reduce the fire source temperature from 800°C to below 200°C within 10 seconds, enabling rapid fire control and extinguishing.
Furthermore, the device is compact and lightweight, allowing it to be mounted directly on the top or side of a distribution cabinet without occupying additional space. It eliminates the need for complex piping, gas cylinders, or high-pressure vessels, making installation easy and maintenance low. After extinguishing a fire, it leaves no residue, contaminates equipment, or requires no cleanup, making it particularly suitable for applications requiring high cleanliness, such as precision electronic equipment, data centers, and rail transit control boxes.
The hot aerosol's full flooding properties are particularly effective in confined spaces. Due to the limited space, the aerosol concentration quickly reaches the fire extinguishing threshold and is difficult to dissipate, ensuring maximum fire extinguishing effectiveness. Its fire extinguishing efficiency far exceeds that of dry powder or carbon dioxide, requiring less agent per unit volume, offering superior environmental performance, no ozone depletion, and zero global warming potential.
With the development of intelligent firefighting, hot aerosol devices can also be integrated with IoT platforms to enable remote status monitoring, fault alarms, and fire extinguishing record traceability, enhancing the overall intelligence of firefighting management.
Hot aerosol fire extinguishing equipment utilizes the synergistic effects of rapid vaporization of solid agents, ultrafine particle chemical suppression, and omnidirectional diffusion to achieve a sub-second response from detection to extinguishing, ensuring highly efficient, total flooding in confined spaces. It not only offers extremely high fire extinguishing speed and reliability, but also offers environmentally friendly, clean, and maintenance-free advantages, making it an indispensable technical solution for modern micro-firefighting systems.
